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Federal vs state charges: what’s the difference?

  When someone is arrested in the United States, one of the most important questions is this: Are the charges federal or state? The difference between federal and state charges can dramatically affect sentencing, prison time, investigation methods, and even where the case is prosecuted. Understanding how federal vs state charges work helps clarify why some crimes stay local - while others escalate to the federal level. The basic difference between federal and state charges The United States has two main legal systems: State courts Federal courts Most crimes are prosecuted at the state level . Federal charges apply only when a crime violates U.S. federal law or involves interstate or national interests. In simple terms: State charges = violation of state law Federal charges = violation of U.S. federal law What are state charges? State charges are filed by a state prosecutor (often called a District Attorney). These cases are handled in state court. Common...

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STATE OF TEXAS PENALTIES AND PUNISHMENTS

Be sure to look up the Offense Designation to reference the sentencing range below. Keep in mind that the Texas Sentencing Ranges are just that; ranges. A judge or jury may sentence a defendant to any length of jail or prison time between the minimum and maximum length allowed by law for type of offense.

Type of Offense
Punishment
Fines
Class C Misdemeanor
Not Jailable
No more than $500 fines.
Class B Misdemeanor
Not more than 180 days
in a county jail
and/or no more than $2,000 fines.
Class A Misdemeanor
Not more than 1 year
in a county jail
and/or no more than $4,000 fines.
State jail felony
180 days to 2 years
in a state jai
and/or no more than  $10,000 fines.
Third-degree felony
2 to 10 years
in a state prison
and/or no more than  $10,000 fines.
Second-degree felony
2 to 20 years
in a state prison
and/or no more than  $10,000 fines.
First-degree felony
5 to 99 years
in a state prison
and/or no more than  $10,000 fines.
Enhanced first-degree felony
5 to 99 years
in a state prison
and/or no more than  $10,000 fines.

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Arrested August 2018